Fuel tank trucks are different from conventional vehicles. They are classified as hazardous goods transport vehicles, carrying flammable and explosive liquid substances. Their components are also quite specialized, so drivers of fuel tank trucks must clearly understand the functions of each part.
1. European Standard Tank Port
The European standard tank port is usually located on the top of the tank and is also called a manhole cover. It is typically equipped with a vapor recovery valve, dipstick port, overfill prevention probe, etc. During refueling, the overfill prevention sensor system automatically triggers an alarm when the liquid level reaches the detection point, stopping the filling process. The built-in breather valve maintains pressure balance between the inside of the tank and the outside during oil transport. The overfill prevention system ensures the tank remains sealed in case of an accident. In addition, there is an emergency venting device that automatically opens when internal pressure exceeds external pressure, releasing the excess pressure to prevent accidents and enhance transport safety.
2. Vapor Recovery Device
This device was not available on early fuel tank trucks. During loading and unloading, fuel vapors are generated. The vapor recovery valve collects these vapors, preventing leakage, reducing energy waste, and protecting the environment.
3. Bottom Loading/Discharge Valve
Also known as the unloading valve, it is mainly used for quick fuel discharge. Its internal structure is designed with fluid dynamics principles, minimizing internal pressure under high flow conditions. The outlet adopts a flat-bottom structure, ensuring no fuel leakage during connection or disassembly. This makes it safe and reliable.
4. Emergency Shut-off Valve (Bottom Valve)
This is another protective device. In case of an emergency, the spring inside the valve is triggered, and within just 5 seconds, it can cut off the fuel pipeline, securing the fuel inside the tank and preventing leaks, fires, or explosions, thereby ensuring the safety of the driver and passengers.
These are the main functions of the tank-mounted accessories on a fuel tank truck. The chassis is also equipped with various safety features, such as tire burst alarm systems, air suspension, lane departure warning, collision warning, and more.